2016 Subaru Impreza WRX Engine: Specs, Issues, & Performance

by Alex Braham 61 views

The 2016 Subaru Impreza WRX is a performance-oriented sedan that has captured the hearts of car enthusiasts. At the heart of this vehicle lies its engine, a powerhouse that delivers both exhilarating performance and everyday usability. In this article, we'll dive deep into the engine of the 2016 WRX, exploring its specifications, common issues, performance characteristics, and maintenance tips.

Understanding the 2016 WRX Engine: The FA20DIT

Alright, let's get into the nitty-gritty of what makes the 2016 WRX tick. The star of the show is the FA20DIT engine, a 2.0-liter, horizontally-opposed, direct-injection, turbocharged engine. Yeah, that's a mouthful, but each part of that description is important. The "FA" designation refers to Subaru's engine family, while "20" indicates the 2.0-liter displacement. "DIT" stands for Direct Injection Turbocharged, highlighting two key technologies that contribute to the engine's performance and efficiency.

Engine Specifications

The FA20DIT engine boasts some impressive specs:

  • Displacement: 1,998 cc (2.0 liters)
  • Configuration: Horizontally-opposed (Boxer)
  • Cylinder Bore x Stroke: 86.0 mm x 86.0 mm
  • Compression Ratio: 10.6:1
  • Valvetrain: Dual Overhead Camshafts (DOHC), 16 valves
  • Fuel Delivery: Direct Injection
  • Turbocharger: Twin-Scroll Turbocharger
  • Maximum Output: 268 horsepower at 5,600 rpm
  • Peak Torque: 258 lb-ft of torque from 2,000 to 5,200 rpm

These figures translate to a car that's quick off the line and has plenty of mid-range punch for passing and merging. The twin-scroll turbocharger is particularly noteworthy. It helps to reduce turbo lag, providing a more responsive and linear power delivery compared to traditional single-scroll turbos. This means you get more immediate power when you put your foot down, making the WRX a blast to drive.

Key Technologies: Direct Injection and Turbocharging

Let's break down those key technologies a bit further. Direct injection is a fuel delivery system where fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber, rather than into the intake port. This allows for more precise control over the fuel-air mixture, leading to improved combustion efficiency, increased power, and reduced emissions. It's like having a super-precise chef who knows exactly how much of each ingredient to add for the perfect recipe.

Turbocharging, on the other hand, is a method of forcing more air into the engine. This is achieved by using a turbine, powered by exhaust gases, to compress the incoming air. More air means more oxygen, which allows the engine to burn more fuel and produce more power. The twin-scroll design of the WRX's turbocharger further enhances its performance by separating the exhaust pulses from different cylinders, resulting in a faster turbo response and reduced lag.

Common Issues and Problems with the 2016 WRX Engine

Now, let's talk about the elephant in the room: potential issues. While the FA20DIT engine is generally reliable, it's not without its quirks. Here are some common problems that 2016 WRX owners have reported:

Oil Consumption

One of the most widely discussed issues is oil consumption. Some owners have noticed that their WRX tends to burn through oil more quickly than expected. This can be due to a variety of factors, including piston ring design, valve seal wear, or even driving habits. It's essential to regularly check your oil level and top it off as needed to prevent engine damage.

Carbon Buildup on Valves

Direct injection engines, like the FA20DIT, are prone to carbon buildup on the intake valves. This is because the fuel injectors spray fuel directly into the combustion chamber, bypassing the intake valves. As a result, the valves don't get cleaned by the fuel, and carbon deposits can accumulate over time. This buildup can restrict airflow, leading to reduced performance, rough idling, and even misfires. To combat this, many owners opt for regular intake valve cleaning services, such as walnut blasting.

Turbocharger Issues

While the twin-scroll turbocharger is a great feature, it's also a complex component that can be susceptible to issues. Some owners have reported problems with turbocharger failure, boost leaks, or wastegate malfunctions. These issues can manifest as a loss of power, unusual noises, or even engine damage. Regular maintenance, such as oil changes and inspections, can help prevent turbocharger problems.

Fuel Injector Problems

As with any direct injection system, the fuel injectors in the FA20DIT engine can sometimes experience issues. These can include clogging, leaking, or failure. Symptoms of fuel injector problems can include poor fuel economy, rough idling, misfires, and a loss of power. Fuel injector cleaning or replacement may be necessary to resolve these issues.

Ignition Coil Problems

Some owners have reported issues with the ignition coils in their 2016 WRX. These coils are responsible for providing the spark that ignites the fuel-air mixture in the cylinders. When an ignition coil fails, it can cause misfires, rough idling, and a loss of power. Replacing the faulty ignition coil is usually the solution.

Performance and Driving Experience

Despite these potential issues, the 2016 WRX delivers an exhilarating driving experience. The 268 horsepower and 258 lb-ft of torque provide plenty of grunt for acceleration and passing. The symmetrical all-wheel-drive system ensures excellent traction and handling, making the WRX a joy to drive in all weather conditions. The standard six-speed manual transmission offers precise and engaging gear changes, while the optional continuously variable transmission (CVT) provides smooth and efficient performance.

Acceleration and Handling

The 2016 WRX can sprint from 0 to 60 mph in around 5.5 seconds, making it a seriously quick car. The all-wheel-drive system provides excellent grip, allowing you to confidently put the power down. The WRX also handles well, with a responsive steering and a well-tuned suspension that minimizes body roll. Whether you're carving through canyon roads or navigating city streets, the WRX is a fun and engaging car to drive.

Fuel Economy

Fuel economy is not the WRX's strongest suit, but it's not terrible either. The EPA estimates are 21 mpg in the city and 28 mpg on the highway for the manual transmission model. The CVT model fares slightly better, with estimates of 19 mpg in the city and 25 mpg on the highway. Of course, your actual fuel economy will vary depending on your driving habits and conditions. If you're constantly flooring it, expect to see lower numbers.

Maintenance Tips for the 2016 WRX Engine

To keep your 2016 WRX engine running smoothly and reliably, it's essential to follow a regular maintenance schedule. Here are some key maintenance tips:

Regular Oil Changes

Change your engine oil and filter at the recommended intervals, typically every 6,000 miles or 6 months, whichever comes first. Use a high-quality synthetic oil that meets Subaru's specifications. Regular oil changes help to keep the engine clean and lubricated, preventing wear and tear.

Check and Top Off Fluids

Regularly check and top off all fluids, including engine oil, coolant, brake fluid, power steering fluid, and windshield washer fluid. Maintaining proper fluid levels is crucial for the proper operation of your vehicle.

Inspect and Replace Filters

Inspect and replace air filters, fuel filters, and cabin air filters at the recommended intervals. Clean filters help to ensure proper airflow and fuel delivery, maximizing performance and efficiency.

Check Belts and Hoses

Inspect belts and hoses for cracks, wear, and leaks. Replace them as needed to prevent breakdowns and engine damage.

Monitor for Oil Leaks and Consumption

Keep an eye out for oil leaks and monitor your oil consumption. If you notice excessive oil consumption, investigate the cause and address it promptly.

Consider an Air Oil Separator (AOS)

To mitigate the carbon buildup issue on the intake valves, consider installing an air-oil separator (AOS). An AOS helps to separate oil from the crankcase gases, preventing it from being recirculated into the intake manifold and contributing to carbon buildup.

Professional Inspections

Have your vehicle inspected by a qualified mechanic at least once a year. A professional inspection can help identify potential problems before they become serious.

Conclusion

The 2016 Subaru Impreza WRX is a fantastic car, largely thanks to its FA20DIT engine. While it may have some potential issues, regular maintenance and proactive care can help keep it running strong for years to come. If you're considering buying a used 2016 WRX, be sure to do your research, have it inspected by a mechanic, and be prepared to address any potential issues that may arise. With proper care, the 2016 WRX can provide a thrilling and rewarding driving experience. Always remember to consult your owner's manual and a trusted mechanic for specific maintenance recommendations for your vehicle.